Music and Musicking

What is music? Music is

What is musiking? The act of performing and listening to music.

uniting them in their common purpose of buying and selling”

isolating him from his surroundings. Inside his head is an infnite space charged with music that only he can hear”

uniting and isolating are opposites that music manages to

“There is no such thing as music. Music is not a thing ar all but an activity, something that people do. The apparent thing “music” is a figment, an abstraction of the action, whose reality vanishes as soon as we examine it at all closely.

“What is the meaning of music?” becomes the more manageable ‘What is the meaning of this work (or these works) of music?”- Which is not the same question at all.”

“The presumed autonomous “thingness” of works of music is, of course, only part of the prevailing modern philosophy of art in general. What is valued is not the action of art, not the act of creating, and even less that of perceiving and responding, but the created art object itself.”

The medium is who perceives and responds to the musiking

What are the relationships between those taking part and the physical setting?

What are the relationships among those taking part?

What are the relationships between the sounds that are being made?

Music is structural and sonic is free from structure

Glossary –

Anodyne = inoffensive, dull.

Reification = when you treat something immaterial as a material thing

Yan Jun – Visting Practitioner

hand made machines, electricity and social more professional in other countries, when playing gin China he realised there was no ground with the electricity to protect his sound/him, sound is swung and dirty without ground, the feedback with grow overwhelmingly 80% of his sound will be based off that one 50hz sound, the venue needs to have ground otherwise he won’t have the “perfect noise”. his noise is a phenomenon of the social, he lives in a. country of noise, the noise controls the environment, everything in china is more professional, he almost never plays electronic music in china.

he is using his physical gestures to control the sound, the sound of the photographers is the music, if he moves fast they will take more photos, if he stays still they will take time to take photos.

Pro Tools – Mixing and creating a bounce

1. What term is used to describe an audio patch point that applies a signal processor directly into the signal path on a track? How many of these patch points does Pro Tools provide on each track?

Inserts are the audio patch points and there are 10 on each track.


2. What term is used to describe a signal path carrying a mix output of one or more tracks routed for parallel processing? How can this signal be returned to the sending device?

The signal paths are called sends and they can be returned to the sending device with the aux input track.


3. What menu would you use to display or hide the Mix window? What keyboard shortcut can you use to toggle between the Mix and Edit windows?

The window menu, the shortcut is command (+) =


4. What menu command can you use to display or hide an Inserts or Sends view area in the Mix window?

The view menu


5. What type of plug-in provides real-time processing? What type provides non-real-time processing?


6. What are some commonly used plug-in options for EQ and dynamics processing in Pro Tools?


7. Which Pro Tools automation mode discussed in this lesson records changes to track controls in real time when playing back the session?


8. What is the difference between Read mode and Off mode? Which mode allows you to play back existing automation on the track?


9. What track control can you use to display an automation playlist? What window are automation playlists displayed in?

10. What tool can you use to add, move, or delete automation breakpoints? What modifier can you use to delete a breakpoint by clicking on it?


11. Why is it important to back up your Pro Tools sessions? What are some ways in which your Pro Tools work can be lost accidentally?

12. How is the Save Copy In command different from the Save As command, in terms of the files that are saved?


13. Which session will be open after completing a Save Copy In operation: the original or the copy? How is this different from the Save As operation?

14. What command can you use to save a session with a different sample rate or bit depth?

15.What are some considerations for bouncing audio in Pro Tools? How is the bounce affected by soloed or muted tracks? How is it affected by the active selection?


16. What command lets you mix your entire session directly to a stereo file? What file types are supported for the bounce file with this command?

17. What bit depth and sample rate should you use when bouncing if you plan to burn the file to CD without further processing?


18. How can you add audio files to iTunes for use in burning a CD??

Cut-Up Research

Audio cut-up to make new stories out of old ones.

“For first you write a sentence,
And then you chop it small;
Then mix the bits, and sort them out
Just as they chance to fall:
The order of the phrases makes
No difference at all.”

Bowie describes cut-up as a sort of western tarot

Created by the poet Tristan Tzara, ‘cut up’ is the deconstruction of a primary text using the random cutting up of words and phrases to form new sentences and thus a new piece of writing. It is a process of extraction and reconstruction of a new meaning of language, based on chaotic intuition and the free creative flow.

Kurt Cobain, who had the opportunity to meet and collaborate with Burroughs, was one of the maximum exponents in the 1990s of cut-up literature, declaring that his lyrics were the result of his cut up poems. Later, Thom Yorke would imitate the form that was supposedly first used by the surrealists, pulling cut up words out of a hat to write the entire Kid A album.

Research: Plunderphonics

Plunderphonics is described as “a music genre in which tracks are constructed by sampling recognizable musical works”.

Who owns the work once it has been resampled and repurposed?

“A good composer does not imitate, he steals”

“Some of you, current and potential samplerists, are perhaps curious about the extent to which you can legally borrow from the ingredients of other people’s sonic manifestations. Is a musical property properly private, and if so, when and how does one trespass upon it? Like myself, you may covet something similar to a particular chord played and recorded singularly well by the strings of the estimable Eastman Rochester Orchestra on a long-deleted Mercury Living Presence LP of Charles Ives’ Symphony #3, itself rampant in unauthorized procurements. Or imagine how invigorating a few retrograde Pygmy (no slur on primitivism intended) chants would sound in the quasi-funk section of your emulator concerto. Or perhaps you would simply like to transfer an octave of hiccups from the stock sound library disk of a Mirage to the spring-loaded tape catapults of your Melotron.”

Dream Research

We dream for 6 years over the span of our life on average, your mind is more active during a dream than when your’e awake , we sleep to recover from the days stress on the body, repair muscle damage and get ready for the next day. your dreams only see familiar faces, the faces in your dreams are people you’ve already seen , you can’t read in your dreams, when you’re asleep your subconscious is taking a break, you can’t look in the mirror,

Christina Wheeler

Where are you in the space of your piece? Where do you want your audience to be? Do you want them horizontal, vertical, do you want where they are to change over time? Where do you want your sound source options to come from? How do you experience sound in the space? Voice from vocals, instruments, objects, moving sculptures. Where are these sound placed during the piece, are they moving througought the piece? Is the audience sitting on the stage? Do you want to use music? Do you want to include a soundscape?

Vicki Bennett/People Like Us

Plunderphonics is a genre of music which consists of heavily sampling most commonly from well known recognisable material. The term plunderphonics was created by John Oswald in 1985 in his essay by the same name. The essay really piqued my interest as I have been actively interested in the legal and moral standpoint of sampling in general. After reading the essay I feel excited to start experimenting with more samples in my personal and university work.

http://www.plunderphonics.com/xhtml/xplunder.html

I have just checked the plunderphonics genre on Rate Your Music and I have listened to a lot of the albums on the list and was unaware that the music was in the plunderphonic genre.

Further listening list-

革命京劇 (Revolutionary Pekinese Opera) Ver.1.28

Lektion III – Den Sorte Skole 2013

Dispepsi – Negativland

Unborn Faces Withering – DJ Yo-Yo Dieting

Sound arts now

Sound arts now is a book written by Cathy Lane and Angus Carlyle, it fouses on sound art in the present tense (2010/20’s) and leans away from focusing on the “white men from the north” and gives a much more global insight into sound art in the present day. The book consists of 20 interviews taken with a range of international artists each bringing their own unique perspectives and ideas on sound art. Although I could not rent the book from the library as they did not have a copy, I was able to do research on the book online and using CRISAP I managed to find a excerpt of the book on the LCC UAL website. The excerpt is from the end of the book after all of the 20 interviews have concluded and the authors and talking within themselves, they discuss how the interviews have went and what they would do if they could do it again such as the guests not talking about their theoretical concerns as much as they might have wanted to.

https://www.arts.ac.uk/colleges/london-college-of-communication/stories/london-college-of-communication-researchers-professor-cathy-lane-and-professor-angus-carlyle-publish-sound-arts-now

“listening is presented as a medium or modality, a genre or a discipline in itself; on the other hand, maybe it is the exact opposite, with listening becoming subsumed, becoming a reflexive part and parcel of what a critical practitioner does?”

Curatorial Practices in West Germany

The sense of touch is a sense that is usually disregarded by sound artists, seeing and hearing are closely related. Fiir Augen und Ohren was an exhibition that took place in Berlin in 1980 it highlighted the synthesis and central role of sight and hearing. The visitors of the exhibition were allowed to touch and play with the exhibited works. The exhibition included the works of Luigi Russolo, Man Ray, Christina Kubisch and Bernhard Leitner.

“There was, however, at least one other sense inquisitively employed by the visitors and that is the sense of touch. The visitors to the exhibition were allowed to touch play with the exhibited works”

Kunstgewerbemuseum in Cologne hosted Sehen und Hören: Design und Kommunikation in 1974 which “alluded directly to the importance of technology to the senses of sight and hearing”. Peter Frank was who curated the exhibition and divided the exhibition into three broad categories which were “How we expand communication”, “How we orientate in time and space” and “How we process information”. In each room there would be products and items that relate to these three categories which were exhibited in “sterile looking rooms”.
“Despite this sterile, perhaps cold site, visitors to this design and communication exhibition were allowed to touch and test all the items on display.”

In Dusseldorf John Cage used the white cube setting to show his work 33 1/3 from 1969 which was composed of twelve records playing simultaneously different music and the audience played the roll of a DJ and picked what music they were going to listen to.

John Cage, 33 1/3, 1969. Installation view at daadgalerie Berlin, 1988–89. Courtesy of the John Cage Trust. Photo: Werner Zellien, © Archiv Broken Music

Sound Arts in China

Sound art did not exist in China before the 1990’s but the culture did produce the most advanced sound theories and auditory aesthetics among world cultures.

The Bianzhong of Marquis Yi of Zeng is a instrument made in 433 BC, they were an accidental discovery in May of 1978

Bianzhong of Marquis Yi of Zeng - Wikipedia

FM3 are are Chinese electronic duo consisting of Christiaan Virant and Zhang Jian who have created a range of different Buddha Machines with artists such as Cornelius, Throbbing Gristle and Phillip Glass. I thought that the collaboration with Cornelius on Ghost In The Machine was very interesting and sparked my interest as Ghost in The Shell is one of my favourite manga/animes. The Ghost In The Machine Buddha Box comes preloaded with 3 tracks from the Ghost In The Shell:Arise which can be played together. The idea of the Buddha Machine comes from ancient practices and is influenced by mantras and repetition.

“The music scene was all DIY, we basically had to do everything ourselves.” – FM3 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VlSM3GMuYVU

The Echo Wall at the Temple of Heaven in Bejing is a wall where you can put your ear to the wall and hear echoes from the other side of the wall, the sound waves reflect off the wall and because of its circular shape it can be passed around to the other side. A wall similar to this is found up St Pauls Cathedral which has the same

7 Interesting Facts About the Temple of Heaven

Glossary –

dynastic rulers – a leader who inherits their power from their ancestors.

sovereignty – supreme power or authority

Background Noise

“All I am doing is directing attention to the sounds of the environment” – John Cage

“Cage was concerned to organise the temporal unfolding of the work in a context where chance already rules, for reasons that are more social than musical…” – Jean Jacques Nattiez

background noise

listening breaks apart the shell of the subject, eases the borders of identity and initiates an interdependence whereby one is constituted by the whole environmental horizon.

listening is very social it brings people together
connects people around the world

communication technologies make us more involved in others lives

art and now music serve to open peoples eyes and ears to the enjoyment of their daily environment

the way that we send and receive information is more important than the information itself – mcluhan

our memory spans have been reduced due to technology

talks on the future and how we are shifting into cyberspace, memory and screen space become valuable.

META
NFT
EARTH 2

Earth 2® is a futuristic concept for a second earth; a metaverse, between virtual and physical reality in which real-world geolocations on a sectioned map correspond to user generated digital virtual environments. These environments can be owned, bought, sold, and in the near future deeply customized.

transurbanism – shift away from the material city to the immaterial flow of information
further definition- a design strategy that allows cities to organise themselves as complex systems, where small local structures incorporate global flows
Wollscheid’s work is “production of the local “ in which the work of the imagination coalesces into collective sensibility, enhancing the intensification of prensence in digital society.

sensor band global string
the work consists of a metal cable stretched from the floor to caking fitted ehhh vibration sensors, the sensors translate physical vibrations into digital data that are fed to the network.
it’s a mono chord where the two end points are physical and the middle is the betwoej
creating extended musical instrument that collects and collates multiple inputs along the way, argumentimg physical and virtual spaces
is mono hoff where

sensorband are a trio of musicians using interactive technology active between 1993-2003

listening is about
Research on – Alchim Wollscheid
Joshua Meyrowitz
Tia DeNora

Marshall McLuhan

roland. bathes
david rothenburg
Achim Wollscheid

Sound Art In Japan

This article is text by Ryo lkeshiro ond Atou Tonoko about how sound art is viewed and percieved in the Japanese context. We are told about how sound is a very important part of Japanese culture, we are also shown historical sound art pieces by various sound artists from the years 1949 to 2013. Sound art is still relatively a new term in Japan.

Jikken Kōbō was an artist collective founded in Japan in 1951 and was disbanded in 1957, the group consisted of 14 members, they were artists, musicians, choreographers and poets who were self taught. Their leader Shuzo Takiguchi played a pivotal role in introducing Dada and Surrealism to Japan through connections to Andre Breton and Marcel Duchamp. They were described and being like Bauhaus but without the buidlings.

Jikken Kobo | Frieze

Gutai Art Association were another Japanese Avant-Garde artist group founded in the Hanshin region In 1954. In their early work they created a series of striking works anticipating later happenings, performance and conceptual art. “In which the artist rolled half naked in a pile of mud, remains the most celebrated event associated with the group.”

https://www.tate.org.uk/art/art-terms/g/gutai

Shozo Shimamoto, ‘Holes’ 1954

Fluxus was a movement in art put forward by George Maciunas in 1963. The leaders of Fluxus consisted of George Maciunas, Yoko Ono, Nam June Paik, La Monte Young, etc. Fluxus’s work was profoundly influenced the nature of art production since the 1960s. The work had no single unifying style but adopted the DIY mindset.

“Purge the world of bourgeois sickness, ‘intellectual,’ professional & commercialized culture, PURGE the world of dead art, imitation, artificial art, abstract art, illusionistic art, mathematical art, — PURGE THE WORLD OF ‘EUROPANISM’!” – Maciunas

Image via Wikimedia Commons.
What Is Fluxus? - Artsy

Glossary-

Wabi-Sabi – “beauty of irregularity.” Muneyoshi Yanagi “The notion of wabi-sabi may be seen as the aesthetic grounding of the Japanese reinterpretation of Buddhism, reflecting plainfless and simplicity, aged and solitary states.”

Pro Tools Lesson 2

1.Name some of the folders and files that ProTools creates as part of the session hierarchy. Where is the session file (. ptx) stored? 

Sample files, session files, clip groups and also videos if you render them. The session file is stored in pro tools session and can be saved to wherever you decide.

2.What is the WaveCache.wtm file used for? What happens if the WaveCache file gets deleted or goes missing? 

It’s used to show the waveform which can help Pro Tools to open faster. If the file goes missing pro tools can recalculate where it is or you can update its location.

3. Where are audio files stored in the session hierarchy? 

They are saved into the audio files folder.

4.Where are Pro Tool’s is MIDI files normally stored? 

in the session

5. Which components should you turn on first when powering up a Pro Tools system? Which component should you turn on last? 

External hard drives. Audio monitoring system. Check inputs and outputs on system preferences and Pro Tools sound engine settings.

6. What type of processing does the hardware buffer size affect? What type of processing does it not affect?

Native plug-in processing. DSP Processing. It affects purely audio.

7. What kinds of commands can be found under the ProTools View menu? How does the view menu differ from the window menu?

You can hide or show the windows, tracks, and track data . You can arrange the way the way the windows on display look.

8.What kind of commands can be found under the ProTools Options menu? How does the options menu differ from the setup menu?

It lets you select several editing, recording, monitoring, playback, and display options and the setup menu allows you to configure functions or operations that involve multiple settings.

9. Which main Pro Tools window displays audio waveforms and can be used to work directly with audio, MIDI, and video files on tracks?

The edit window

10. Which ProTools window provides access to Pan controls and Volume faders for each track?

The mix window

Pro Tools 101 lesson 1

Questions-

1. Name and describe five types of production tasks that ProTools can be used for.

Audio Processing,

2. What’s the frequency range of human hearing? 

20hz to 20kz

3. What does the frequency of a sound wave affect in terms of how we perceive the sound? How is frequency measured? 

The frequency of the sound pressure variations that reaches our ears creates our perception of the pitch of the sound. We measure this frequency in cycles per second (CPS), also commonly denoted as Hertz (Hz). These two terms are synonymous—15,000 CPS is the same as 15,000 Hz. Multiples of 1,000 Hz are often denoted as kilohertz (kHz). Therefore, 15,000 Hz is also written as 15 kHz.

Frequency is measured by in hertz and is the rate of which current changes direction per second, it

4. What does the amplitude of the sound wave affect? How is amplitude measured? 

5. How does the sample rate of a system relate to the frequency of audio it can capture? What is the name of the law that specifies the relationship between sample rate and audio frequency? 

6. How does the bit depth relate to the dynamic range of audio it can capture. How can you estimate the dynamic range of a system? 

7. What are some common digital connections available on Pro Tools audio interfaces? What type of connector jack does each use? 

8. Name some audio interfaces that are compatible with standard Pro Tools software. 

Any interface compatible with core audio for Mac or ASIO for Windows

9. Name some Avid audio interfaces that are compatible with Pro Tools | Ultimate software. 

Supports multichannel outputs.

Week 4: Sound Arts in The British Context

This text is an interview between Adam Parkinson and David Toop recorded in 2015 at the London Metropolitan University.

“What I’m trying out at this stage of my life life is new formats, or new settings maybe’ or formats and settings that have been tried before but then been forgotten or pushed aside because established formats have such a powerful hold on our thinking’ I’m frustrated by [” ‘]all the familiar routines that frame practice and discourse [“‘] what I want to do is modest, small scale, quiet, and uncertain – just a slight shift of conditions [“‘] a big thing but small, a conversation that can be quiet but loud’.”

“But sound art to me is problematic for a number of reasons. One, because it is so closely associated with a particular world and a particular economy – the art world – and there are all sorts of reasons why that’s difficult.”

Toop finds the term “sound art” problematic as he finds it too closely related to the art world and how it revolves around money. I find this

https://www.arts.ac.uk/about-ual/press-office/stories/david-toop-offering-rites-at-central-saint-martins

“They are more concerned with the unfinished or in-between, that which is difficult to articulate or impossible to exhibit; each one will involve offerings of different kinds, opportunities to listen, to watch, to speak, to be silent.”

Glossary

Aesthetics – a persons idea on what is beautiful